The spinal column is made of naturally curved vertebrae that provides multifaceted function. The vertebrae have to endure cross tension for mobility and stability, maintain head alignment for proper visual and auditory function, provide a base of support through the curvilinear shape for the extremities, and provide support for respiratory functions, all while keeping the spinal cord safe. The discs between the individual vertebra help to provide shock support and cushioning to protect the vertebra against the load of gravity and ground forces in sitting, standing, walking, or high-impact activity. The spine is divided into 3 main sections: cervical (top 7 vertebra), thoracic (middle 12 vertebra), and lumbar (last 5 vertebra), with the sacrum and coccyx at the lower end. Just like other chains in the body, one segment can influence the tension or functional output of the whole column. If you or someone you know is battling through neck or low back pain or injury, give the team at South Texas Bone & Joint a call. Making, Your Care. Our Priority.